Country: Somalia
Closing date: 18 Nov 2013
TERMS OF REFERENCE
- Background Diakonia is a non-governmental organisation, founded in 1966 by independent churches in Sweden. Through collaboration with civil society organisations, Diakonia is today engaged in long-term development work in more than 30 countries in Africa, Latin America, Middle East and Asia. Diakonia’s vision is for every human being to live under dignified circumstances in a just and sustainable world, free from poverty. Its mission is to change unfair political, economical and social structures that generate poverty, oppression and violence. Diakonia has been present in Somalia since 1994, working with the civil society and the local authorities, largely in Puntland and Central South Somalia, and mainly focusing on the areas of education, democracy and human rights. The mainstay of the Somalia Country Programme funding comes from the Sida, the Swedish Agency for International Development, complemented by funds from the European Union and UN agencies. Diakonia’s current programme for Somalia entitled “Democracy and Human Rights Programme – Phase IV” is drawing to a close in March 2014. Consequently, a new programme application is under elaboration, for submission to Sida at the Swedish Embassy in Nairobi in early 2014. According to the preliminary programme outline, Diakonia will in the coming programme period (2014-2018) focus on the following three main areas;
- Democracy; Governance and Accountability
- Peace and Reconciliation
- Social and Economic Justice
Gender and Human Rights/RBA will be mainstreamed throughout the programme. Where relevant, an environmental mainstreaming will also be done.
Geographically, the programme shall be expanded to cover Central South Somalia, with the possibility to also include a limited number of partner CSOs in the state of Somaliland, in addition to the Puntland state of Somalia. It is in order to ensure that the new programme will be relevant in relation to existing and potential conflicts in the three areas of intervention that Diakonia has decided to benefit from external expertise in the elaboration of the new application, as outlined in the following sections.
- Overall objectives of the assignment
2.1 Overall objective
Diakonia is, through its new Somalia programme, able to provide relevant responses and interventions to improve peace and security in Somalia during the programme period.
2.2 Operative objectives 1. Strategic decisions about the programme focus and its composition are based on relevant information about current and potential conflicts in Diakonia’s areas of intervention. 2. Diakonia’s new programme includes relevant peace and reconciliation objectives and strategies, which contributes to an actual change for people affected by conflicts in Somalia.
- The scope of the assignment
3.1 Conflict analysis The first part of the assignment consists of making a conflict analysis for the three areas of intervention (Central South Somalia, Puntland and Somaliland).
3.1.1 Specific objective for the conflict analysis The conflict analysis provides information about and assessments of relevant conflicts in the specified geographical areas as well as recommendations which will help Diakonia and its partners to; • plan and implement a conflict sensitive programme in Somalia, and; • include relevant and effective peace-building activities as part of the broader programme.
3.1.2 Expected results The expected results of the context analysis are that; 1) Diakonia has a comprehensive understanding about the locations and the nature of conflicts in Puntland, Central South Somalia and Somaliland. 2) Diakonia has reliable, up-to-date, and well analysed information to serve as an input to the wider context analysis and as a base-line for peace-building goals from which to measure future progress, as well as an important contribution to the later conflict sensitivity mainstreaming of the programme. 3) Diakonia has access to recommendations, firmly grounded in the analysis of relevant conflicts, which can guide the formulation of specific peace-building goals and strategies in its new programme. 4) The conflict analysis is presented in a well-structured and accessible report which can serve as a basis for Diakonia to pass on the information and programmatic recommendations to its partner organisations in Somalia.
3.1.3 Methodology
The consultant will be invited to propose hers/his own methodology, but it is expected that the conflict analysis includes the following steps:
a) Mapping/desk study of existing recent conflict analyses
b) Collection of complementary primary data though field research. (Please note that this step shall only be included if the consultant demonstrates that there are important gaps in the information gathered through the previous step of the research, or that it is necessary to contextualise the analysis more in relation to Diakonia's specific way of working. A decision on field research shall be taken after consultation with Diakonia.)
c) Presentation of findings to Diakonia in a written report and in a validation workshop with Diakonia staff, followed by any necessary adjustments of the report.
3.1.4 Specific requirements on the conflict analysis
In order to arrive at the abovementioned results, it is expected that the conflict analysis will include:
• General contextual information of Puntland, Central South Somalia and Somaliland from a conflict perspective
• List of relevant conflicts in each respective area, naming the parties in each of the conflicts.
• A profile of the most relevant conflicts in terms of;
parties (primary and secondary as well as support base, where relevant)
behaviour (what type and intensity of violence)
incompatibility (where possible with a distinction made between what the parties say the conflict is about and what people in general say and/or own analysis)
“dividers” and “connectors”
causes and effects: structural causes, proximate causes, triggers
Key driving factors
Key actors. (other than the parties themselves)
history (recent or long history, whether evolving from earlier conflict, conflict dynamics)
clan connections.
In addition to the above, it is also expected that the conflict analysis will include information on:
• Similarities and major differences of the conflicts of the three geographic areas included in the analysis
• International and regional dimensions of the conflicts, including third party actors.
• Peace processes and peace agreements (previous and on-going)
• Capacities for peace (linked to connectors and dividers)
• Gender disaggregated data wherever possible, and gender dimensions highlighted wherever relevant
• A final specific requirement in this conflict analysis is that it should include an assessment of violations of human rights and International Humanitarian Law, IHL, to the extent that these have an important impact on present conflict dynamics in Somalia. This analysis should also reflect what actors are responsible for what violations.
3.2 Facilitation of the formulation of peace-building goals and strategies Based on the conclusions and recommendations in the conflict analysis, the consultant shall assist Diakonia in the formulation of relevant peace-building goals and strategies for its new Sida-funded programme in Somalia.
3.2.1 Specific objective for the formulation of peace-building goals and strategies The new programme for Somalia includes specific peace-building goals and strategies, which are relevant to Diakonia and firmly grounded in the conflict analysis outlined above.
3.2.2 Expected result Diakonia has access to qualified written suggestions for peace-building goals and strategies of its new Somalia programme, based on a good understanding of key driving factors in relevant conflicts. The suggested goals and strategies shall take into account the depth and scope of peace and reconciliation work that Diakonia’s partners are engaged in. The formulation of goals shall also include suggested indicators for follow-up.
3.2.3 Methodology The consultant will be invited to propose hers/his own methodology, but it is expected that this facilitation results in a written presentation of suggested peace-building goals and strategies. This can be done in an annex to the conflict analysis report, or as a separate brief report which will be discussed with Diakonia staff in the workshop as outlined below.
3.3 Validation and formulation workshop and finalisation of reports As indicated above, the consultant shall allocate one full day for a discussion and workshop together with Diakonia staff in order to; a) Discuss and, where necessary, fine-tune the conflict analysis, for the purpose of arriving at a shared understanding and a validated report b) Discuss and fine-tune suggested formulation of peace-building goals and strategies for the new programme. The workshop shall be followed by any necessary adjustments in the conflict analysis and goal formulation reports, according to conclusions in this workshop.
Outputs and deliverables a) Submission of a conflict analysis report , including bibliography of consulted conflict analyses
b) Submission of written suggestions for peace-building goals and strategies c) Validation and formulation workshop together with Diakonia d) Finalisation of conflict analysis and goal formulations reports, incorporating comments from Diakonia.Time frame and reporting The assignment shall be carried out between November 18th and December 6th 2013 and will comprise of 14 man days, which may or may not run concurrently. The number of days for each activity and suggested dates are tentative and may be adjusted in discussions between Diakonia and the consultant(s). The consultant will report to Diakonia’s Country Manager for Somalia, Stephen Ndichu.
Terms and Conditions a) Tax and insurance: The consultant(s) shall be responsible for their income tax and/or travel and for other insurance during the assignment. b) Code of conduct: The consultant will be required to sign and abide to Diakonia’s Code of Conduct, which can be found at http:///www.diakonia.se c) Additional terms and conditions of service shall be spelt out in the contract.
Expression of interest Expression of interest shall be made in soft copy and submitted on or before 18th of November 2013 via email to Stephen.ndichu@diakonia.se. You write or call +252907363225 for any queries on the ToR All applications should include the following; CV and two referees (e-mail and telephone contact) One sample of previous work, i.e. conflict/context analysis in conflict environments Budget indication for the assignment.
How to apply:
Expression of interest shall be made in soft copy and submitted on or before 18th of November 2013 via email to Stephen.ndichu@diakonia.se. You write or call +252907363225 for any queries on the ToR All applications should include the following; CV and two referees (e-mail and telephone contact) One sample of previous work, i.e. conflict/context analysis in conflict environments Budget indication for the assignment.