Somalia: TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR BASE LINE STUDY FOR THE PROJECT "FROM EMERGENCY TO RECONSTRUCTION: EMPOWERING COMMUNITIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT"

1. INTRODUCTION

SOS Children's Villages is a non-governmental social development organisation that has been active in the field of children's rights and committed to children's needs and concerns since 1948. SOS Children’s Villages Somalia (referred to as SOS Somalia) has officially been working in Somalia since 1983. SOS Somalia is an officially registered non-profit and non-governmental organization in the country. SOS Somalia has decision-making power over its own facilities and is a local, independent and responsible body. It is an active member of the worldwide federation, SOS Children’s Villages International, the umbrella organisation of all national, independent SOS Children’s Villages Associations (based in Innsbruck, Austria). SOS is currently working in 134 countries worldwide, with the objective of supporting children, who are in danger of losing their parents and their families or who have already lost them, in the best possible and in an individual way. To reach these aims, SOS Somalia collaborates with local institutions, international and local non-governmental organisations, representatives of the civil society and other stakeholders. Since 1985, when the first children’s village was opened in Mogadishu, SOS Somalia has continuously expanded its programmes. Core interventions include emergency relief, alternative care, education and health. SOS Somalia focuses on vulnerable children, their families and their communities; majority of who have been affected by the impacts of Somalia’s prolonged civil conflict, chronic drought and frequent floods with attendant famine, mass movement and displacement of populations, diseases, severe acute malnutrition, and low human productivity all leading to extreme poverty.

a) Context of the project (political, natural, etc.):

Following the outbreak of the Civil War in 1991, Somalia has, for two decades, been locked in a vicious cycle of chronic poverty and underdevelopment. Protracted conflict, chronic drought and frequent floods with attendant famine, diseases, severe acute malnutrition and economic collapse have caused mass displacement of Somali communities. However, recent positive political and security developments as well as the international recognition of the Federal Somali Government that formed in 2012, give an outlook that is more positive than it has been in a long time. These improvements have witnessed the return of many refugees and internally displaced people, who are eager to reconstruct their country. However, they are ill-equipped to deal with the diverse problems confronting them.

The proposed project will target urban poor families in Baidoa Town, living in its four quarters of Berdalle, Horseed, Hawlwadaag and Isha. Baidoa is the capital city of Bay region, which is located in south-central Somalia, situated 245 km west of Mogadishu and 240 km southeast of the Ethiopian border. Being surrounded by agro-pastoralist livelihood zones, Baidoa is one of the most important markets in southern Somalia, conducting significant trade in local and imported cereals, livestock and non-food items. Baidoa has an estimated population of 264,000 among who 75,000 live in Baidao town. However, these population figures are fluctuating, as like other regions in Somalia, Baidoa is recently experiencing the return of many refugees and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). The latest arrivals in Baidoa early May 2015 were 20 households with 100 individuals according to the UNHCR and UN-OCHA updates.

The return movements are resulting from a number of changes that have occurred within the last year; a particularly noteworthy change is the re-establishment of the South West State administration as an official Federal Member State of Somalia. Furthermore the security situation has improved, for which the federal and regional governments started to rehabilitate public amenities (schools and health centres) and infrastructure (solar based street light, markets, etc.) in the south-western region. This is creating an enabling environment for public and private investments, which are increasing at a high pace. As Baidoa is traditionally being considered the food basket for Somalia due its strategic location and natural resources endowments, further expansion of the markets is expected in the near future.

As part of the ongoing efforts to link relief and rehabilitation to development (LRRD), a number of transitional development projects have been initiated mainly targeting IDP settlements outside of Baidoa Town. Some of these projects led by consortia of international NGOs in Baidoa include; Program to enhance resilience in Somalia (PROGRESS), where SOS Children’s Villages Somalia is the consortium partner for nutrition sector, and Building Resilience Communities in Somalia (BRCiS). Resilience committees and community members are being trained on needs-based skills that mean to foster the sustainability of the interventions contributing to a slow movement from early and late recovery to long-term development.

b) Project Overview:

Target group and mediator The target group for this project consists of 200 families and 150 Youth living in four quarters (Berdale, Horseed, Hawlwadaag and Isha) of Baidoa town, Somalia. The parents of these families have; low household income of less than 2 EUR/day, limited access to formal labour market, poor access to investment capital/credit and live in overcrowded housing situation, characterized by hygiene related and other infectious diseases. The targeted youth are childless and are aged between 18-28 years. They have low educational level or are school dropouts, unemployed and have low income (less than 2 EUR/day) coupled with low awareness of risks in daily life related to health, radicalization, organized crime and illegal migration. The indirect target group will be 1200 Children of these parents. Key mediators will be local leaders (religious and government authorities), local NGOs and quarter committees.

Brief project information This project aims at improving the socio-economic situation of families and youth in the four quarters of Baidoa. A main focus is income-supporting interventions for youth and caregivers. Improving access to capital for those interested in expanding or starting businesses, enhancing vocational and life skills for unemployed youth and building the capacity of community based organizations to address the challenges faced by the community will be some of the key strategies utilized by the project. Since communicable diseases are prevalent in the community interventions to reduce their incidences will be implemented. These will include awareness raising, provision of critical services and enhancing the community health structure. Project objective The project has four objectives;1.)To improve the capacity of 4 community based organzations; 2.)To increase household income for 200 families; 3.)To improve employability of 150 youth and 4;) To improve the health status of individuals. The project aims at increasing the household income of poor families in order to enable them to adequatley care for their children. They will form micro-credit schemes to facilitate access to credit. These will be anchored on established and strengthened CBO’s. Increasing youth employability will be another focus. Youth participants will get access to vocational trainings, mentorship and placement opportunities to better their skills. A start up kit will be provided to participants to better their (self) employment chances. Health promotion activities will take place to reduce the incidences of malaria and communicable illness, HIV and STIs and also campaign against GBV and FGM. Initial situation/problem analysis The targeted families and youth live in poor conditions with high unemployment rates and the majority earn less than EUR2/day. They hardly have enough to eat; hunger and child malnutrition are high. Due to low educational level, lack of exposure, lack of access to capital and capacity, community members are unable to venture into skilled and capital oriented business. Communicable diseases, particularly malaria, measles, diarrhoea and Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTIs) are very prevalent among target communities causing significant number of deaths among the target group. Low levels of knowledge on prevention of communicable diseases and poor adoption of appropriate behaviours to prevent the spread of such diseases contribute to the high incidence of these diseases .There are no strong local grassroots organizations that could address these development challenges. Connection of measures and impact The proposed measures will enable families and youth to improve their socio-economic situation. They will have enhanced skills and access to capital to improve their employability and hence will be enabled for the start-up and expansion of small businesses respectively. The micro-credit fund will be managed by established CBOs and members will make contributions to it. It will continue to be available beyond the project life. Health promotion activities and strengthened community health workers will continuously address the health challenges encountered by the community. The strengthened capacity of CBOs will ensure that all the project benefits continue to be available to beneficiaries beyond the closure of the project.

Impact Matrix (Targets and Indicators)

Specific Objectives (Output) Indicators (quantitative, if possible) Actual Target

1: Community based self-help structures are established contributing to a sustainable poverty reduction • No self-help groups have been established due to the long lasting civil war • Inadequate capacities of community self-help structures: organizational, planning and management skills • Offices with inadequate operational facilities • On the basis of existing self-help initiatives, CBOs were set up, one in each of the four quarters of Baidoa Town (Berdale, Horseed, Hawlwadaag and Isha). • CBO committees have been trained in organizational, project- and micro-credit management • Four CBOs are officially registered at the city administration and are operational. They work on the achievement of the goals of the CAPs that are in line with the Specific Objectives 2, 3 and 4. 2: Increased income level of 200 vulnerable families by self-managed micro-credit schemes • Families live and work in precarious conditions. • Families earn less than 2 EURO/day • Families have no access to credit sources and lack capacities to venture into capital oriented business. • The CBO committees are in a position to independently manage the microcredit schemes • Families are trained in business management and participate in micro-credit schemes • 75% of families have profitable small businesses and their household income has increased by 60% • By joining the program, the families have improved their living and working conditions. 3: Improved employability of 150 socio-economic disadvantaged youth and the establishment of an Alumni Network • High rates of youth unemployment because of the low level of education • Lack of relevant skills (technical, life skills, etc.) to engage in professional activities • Youths are at risk of recruitment to armed groups, drug abuse, illegal migration, etc. • Lack of perspective and idleness • 80% of the youth beneficiaries have enhanced relevant technical and social skills • 50% of youth beneficiaries find employment within the project duration and 85% within 6 month after the project has ended and have improved their livelihood. • Youth participants have developed vocational and positive perspectives. • Youth participants actively engage in an Alumni Network, where they stand-up for the needs and concerns of disadvantaged youth in Baidoa. • In the third year of the project at least 20 further disadvantaged youth benefit from the commitment of the Alumni Network by getting access to vocational training through their support.

4: Improved health status of the participants through health promotion and increased risk awareness. • Inadequate knowledge on harmful behaviours relating to health, nutrition, hygiene, HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health • High incidences of preventable diseases because of unhygienic conditions (e.g. Malaria and diarrhoea) • 80% of the project participants have increased knowledge on health, nutrition, hygiene, HIV/AIDS and sexually-transmitted diseases, etc. and put this knowledge into practise in their daily life. • Preventable, hygienic-related have been reduced by 30%.

Activities (Input) per Specific Objective

1: Recruitment/Formation of four CBOs; assessment of CBO training needs; training courses for CBO steering committee and equipment of CBO offices; development and implementation of Community Action Plans (in accordance with the specific objectives 2, 3 and 4) 2: training sessions focussing on business management; establishment of four self-administered microcredit schemes to finance business start-ups; start-up and expansion of small businesses 3: Kick-Off, Career Counselling and Aptitude Tests; identify and select entrepreneurs and vocational training centres for placement of youth; conduct training for youth and internship placement; Alumni Network and mentoring program; provision of start-up kits; life skills trainings 4: Capacity Building for eight CBO-members to become CHWs (training and equipping); Awareness raising on preventable diseases; Hygiene Kits and safe delivery kits

c) Timing of the base line study

Baseline survey will be carried out for 6 weeks as indicated below. Time line can be adjusted after mutual agreement.

1. OBJECTIVES OF THE BASE LINE STUDY

The main objective of the baseline study is to prepare a pre-project / baseline information of the target beneficiaries, community and market actors (it shall include a Market Survey see 2.1) as per the indicators of project goal, objectives and results specified in the project document. This multi sectorial baseline survey specifically will aim to assess the starting point for key project outcomes; household information of the recruited families including economic status, health status, youth employability, assessment of the local economy, assessment of the labour market and an assessment of the health service delivery system among others. Besides, the specific objective of the baseline study includes utilizing a wide range of appropriate tools and methodologies to measure the pre-project status of the project indicators. The base line report will be primarily used by the project and its implementing partners in comparing pre and post project status of targeted families and communities. The baseline information will also be used by the relevant project stakeholders and donors.

2.1 Market Survey The project’s main objective is to support families (=CBO members) and youth to become self-reliable through Income Generating Activities (IGAs). By setting up micro-credit schemes the business start-up of families shall be facilitated. A vocational skills training component shall improve the youth’s employability. Hence the Baseline Study shall include an assessment of the local economy in Baidoa. It shall identify market sectors which hold high capacities for successfully running (small) businesses. Likewise it shall assess the labour market to identify those sectors which show the highest capacity of absorbing skilled (and trained) youth employees, whether self- or wage--employed.
The underlying ToRs aim at ensuring the efficient and viable functioning of IGAs as proposed in the approved BMZ funding proposal leading to a raise in the beneficiaries’ income. Specifically the survey will

 Measure, analyse and understand the market behaviour and the communities’ needs in the 4 quarters of Baidoa Town. In other words, develop a thorough knowledge of the market structure in terms of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and difficulties (SWOT analysis). Adapt the IGA-strategy to these needs in terms of feasibility, viability and efficiency.

 Analyse which economic sectors reply to a demand and needs in the community.

 Identify suitable sectors for the realisation of business ideas of the beneficiaries. Examine which sectors show capacities to employ youth that will benefit from the vocational skills training component.

 Conduct the assessment for opportunities for the whole Baidoa District.

Expected results

 Result 1: Economic sectors which hold potentials for self and wage employment are identified  Result 2: Needs and gaps within the targeted communities are identified  Result 3: Needs and gaps outside the targeted communities are identified  Result 4: Examples for relevant business plans are drafted

Activities

Activities related to result 1: Economic sectors which hold potentials for self and wage employment are identified  Analyse the economic sectors in terms of:

• Demand: How many buyers/users? Where are they located? Are they frequently buying the goods or using the service? What is the expected evolution of their behaviour? Are the entrepreneurs in need of employees?
• Competition: Who are the competitors? How many are they? What is their financial situation? What are their weaknesses? What are their strong points? How many candidates apply to positions in wage employment?
• Providers: Who are the potential providers? What do they provide (goods/services)? Do the potential employers search for personnel?
• Environment: what are the opportunities at community level? Do the micro credit institutions serve as a useful financing tool?
• Risks: what are the chances of success and risks for implementing business ideas in the identified sectors?

Activities related to result 2: Needs and gaps within the targeted communities are identified Identification and analysis of all the needs and gaps within the community: Are there goods which are not available in the community? Are there services which are not available in the community? Are there goods/services which are available but not in sufficient quantity or of poor quality? What are the goods/services in excess in the community?

Activities related to result 3: Needs, gaps, opportunities, potential partnerships outside the targeted communities are identified Opportunity to expand the IGA to other communities will be looked into. Partnerships with women associations, hotels, shops etc. should be assessed and propositions of new IGA development/extension should be done.

Activities related to result 4: Examples of relevant business plans are developed Development of sample business plans. How may these look like taking into consideration all the above findings.

2.2 Deliverables

1. Final instrument for the baseline survey and tracking sheet for entry of baseline data
2. Field manual for enumerators.
3. Detailed report on the sampling, including specifics on the design, methodology, and sample size calculations
4. Field implementation plan with protocols for the enumerators and supervisors
5. Data entry and analysis plan
6. Training of required number of enumerators, supervisors and data entry staff.
7. Electronic files with all raw data in 2 CDs.
8. Two printed and 2 electronic copies on CDs of the final report in English , to include: a) Summary b) Background c) Objectives d) Survey Methodology

 Project/survey locations  Sampling design and sample size Questionnaire design and development
 Training Data entry and processing  Data analysis  field Work  Limitation of the study

1. Results presented in narrative and tables, using descriptive and statistics
2. Recommendations

3. Annexes (e.g. references, questionnaire, sampling elaborations, etc.)

4. Work Plan Baseline survey will be carried out for 6 weeks as indicated below. Time line can be adjusted after mutual agreement.

S. No Activities Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6

1 Preparation
1.1 Developing TORs
1.2 Advertisement in news paper x
1.3 Communicate with SOS on methodology of the study X
1.4 Submission of proposal X
1.5 Proposal design X
1.6 Baseline Contract agreement X
1.7 Sampling Methods, Interview Guideline, Sample Size X
1.8 Questioner Design X
1.9 Pre-test, Questioner Revision X
1.10 Training on Field Team X
1.11 Final Preparation before Field Activity X
2 Data Collection
2.1 Field data collection X X
2.2 Data Cleaning x
2.3 Data Analysis x
2.4 Presentation Result X 2.5 Final Report

1. Suggested Methodologies

• The detail methodology and field work schedule will be worked out in consultation with SOS Somalia. However, the following steps will be ensured by the consultants: • Visit SOS Somalia Baidoa office and hold interactions with the location manager and FS project coordinator, to get acquainted with project, its activities and the proposed work; • Prepare a detail methodology including questionnaires for household survey and checklist for group discussion, focus group discussion and key informant interview as per the project document and project log-frame mainly focusing on indicators but also covering other related issues of the market, the families and the targeted community • Pre-test draft questionnaire and checklists and incorporate the inputs in final questionnaire and checklist; • Share and circulate final version of baseline questionnaires and checklist and incorporate comments (if any); • Prepare a detail plan of action/schedule covering orientation to enumerators, field work, data collection, analysis, interpretation, draft and final report preparation with concerned project staff; • Share draft report and obtain comments/inputs and incorporate the same into final report; and • Prepare final report and submit to SOS Somalia.

1. Responsibilities of Consultants

The composition of the study team is left up to the consultant/ organization based on their internal system, ideas and logic. However, SOS Somalia recommends that it comprise one Team Leader (TL) to coordinate the overall study and liaise with SOS Somalia; at least two Team Members (TMs) with collective expertise in BASELINE STUDIES, especially having experience in measuring and obtaining data to establish/know the market situation in a community and therefore being able to assess the viability of IGA’s, along with an experienced statistician and/or data analyst. To collect information from the field, adequate number of Field Enumerators (FEs) should be deployed by the consultant/organization supervised by the TL and/or TMs. Supervision of the field work and quality (reliability and validity) of the data/information collected from the field is the primary responsibility of the TL. In case of the consulting firm the responsibilities can be assigned to the qualified and experienced team member. The study team should work closely with the Project Team. The consultancy / consultant team will be primarily responsible to:

1. Develop/design baseline study including questionnaire for HH survey and checklist and tools for group interaction including FGD at District, and target beneficiaries.;
2. share study design including process, methods and questionnaires/checklist with project team, collect feedback and finalize the study design;
3. pre-test questionnaires and other tools in one of the project target quarters;
4. debrief/discuss with project team about effectiveness of questionnaire, checklists and other tools used in pre-test, collect feedback and finalize them;
5. orient, train and supervise the enumerators;
6. carryout field work together with enumerators;
7. ensure the quality of information collected from fields, cross check with the validity of information collected and verify/revise where needed;
8. update progress of the study on weekly basis to Project coordinator and location manager
9. analyse data and prepare quality report;
10. Give presentation of draft report to SOS Somalia; and
11. Submit final report of the study after incorporating the feedbacks and suggestions from SOS Somalia team. An electronic copy of the report (CD-ROM or flash disk having the report in Word format) including all annexes must be submitted together with the final reports' hard copies. The report is written in a straightforward manner, in English, of a maximum length of 20 pages including the Executive Summary, which should appear at the beginning of the report. The report format appearing below must be strictly adhered to:
12. Cover page a. Title of the base line study report: b. Country, Programme Name c. Date of the study d. Name of the consultant

 Table of contents

 Executive Summary:

 Main body of the report

A tightly drafted, succinct and freestanding Executive Summary is an essential component. It should be short, no more than two pages.

1. Responsibilities of SOS Somalia

Remaining within the policies and practices of SOS Children’s villages Somalia, its primary responsibility is to help consultant to achieve the objective of this ToR. Specifically, SOS Somalia is responsible to:

1. Prepare ToR and hire consultant
2. Give inputs to finalise the survey instruments design;
3. Monitor, provide feedback and ensure effectiveness of study;
4. Coordinate with partner and stakeholders to ensure adequate support is provided at district level;
5. Give inputs/feedback to draft and final reports; and
6. Orient the consultant team about the project, project context as well as the local environment
7. Provide the consultant with relevant information and documents of the project including the project proposal and the log frame

8. Pay the fees on the agreed schedule.

9. Eligibility Criteria

The consultancy / consultant team should have experience on qualitative and quantitative research; clear understanding on research methodology and experiences on using different social research tools and techniques. Should have work experiences in rural and urban areas will be an added advantage. TL should have advance university degree in development studies, economics or relevant social sciences with at least experiences having conducted five baseline surveys or other development researching.

1. Budget Payment Schedule

The proposed budget should contain the following headings:

1. tools development
2. Data/information collection, verification and compilation
3. Analysis of collated data/information
4. Travel, food and accommodation Costs
5. Tax and VAT according to the government rules will be deducted from the budgeted amount. The payment will be made by cheques or bank transfer in the name of the organization/consultant on two installments:

40% of total budget will be released upon signing of the contract while remaining 30% and 30% budget will be released after submitting draft report and final report respectively.

1. Selection Criteria and weight The selection will be made through a bidding process based on the quality of the proposals (including quality of proposal and applied methods in survey), relevant working experience, qualification/background of the survey team members and competitive budget. SOS CV Somalia has a set of criteria to select the proposal based on the offers meeting the specific requirements listed under the eligibility criteria and the proposed budget. The following criteria will be considered for selection:

2. Experience of the organization – 30%

3. Quality of the proposal – 25%

4. Quality of the team (CVs) – 20%

5. Budget – 25%

6. Professional Liabilities

The organization is expected to carry out the assignment with due diligence and in accordance with prevailing standard of the professionalism. A proper sharing with SOS CV Somalia needs to be maintained in terms of draft tools, data compilation sheet and report in both hard and soft copy. All those things after having feedback from SOS have to be finalized.

1. Instruction for submission of proposal: Interested professionals/ institutions are requested to submit the following; • A letter of interest (LOI) with a short capacity statement of your organization or team • A brief proposal outlining how you plan to achieve the objectives as stated in the TOR along with recently updated CVs of professionals. • A separate financial proposal outlining the overall budget required to achieve the objectives of the TOR. The financial proposal should include all budget items including tax and other associated costs. • The LOI and Technical Proposal should be in one sealed envelope marked “LOI and Technical Proposal for Baidao FS Baseline” whilst the Financial Proposal should be in a separate sealed envelope marked “Financial Proposal for Baidao FS Baseline”. Each envelops need to clearly identify the consultant/ institution from which the proposal has been sent.

Please send the information requested above to the following address on or before 3rd June 2016

SOS Children’s Villages Somalia procurement@sossomalia.org